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Butanols
Butanols are a group of four-carbon alcohols with varying solvency and flammability properties, widely used in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Due to their excellent solubility for resins, adhesives, and industrial oils, butanols are essential in paints, coatings, and as chemical intermediates in organic synthesis.
Common Names:
Butanols, Normal Butanol (n-Butanol), Iso-Butanol (i-Butanol), 2-Butanol (sec-Butanol), Tert-Butanol (t-Butanol), C₄H₁₀O
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Features
- Colorless or slightly colored liquids
- Flammable with characteristic alcohol odor
- Water solubility varies (n-Butanol poorly soluble, Tert-Butanol fully soluble)
Applications:
- Paint, resin, and adhesive industries
- Production of esters and chemical intermediates
- Additive in fuels, plastics, and industrial oils
- Pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries
Hazards and Safety
- Flammable: Keep away from heat, flames, and sparks.
- Skin and Eye Contact: Gloves and safety goggles recommended.
- Inhalation: May cause respiratory and central nervous system irritation.
- Environmental: Prevent release into water and soil.
Packaging and Storage
- Packaging: 200-liter drums, IBC containers, industrial bottles
- Storage: Cool, dry, ventilated area
Technical Specifications of Butanol Types
Butanol Type: Normal Butanol
- Chemical Formula: C₄H₉OH
- Density: 0.81 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: 118 °C
- Water Solubility: Poor
Butanol Type: Iso-Butanol
- Chemical Formula: C₄H₉OH
- Density: 0.802 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: 108 °C
- Water Solubility: Poor
Butanol Type: 2-Butanol
- Chemical Formula: C₄H₉OH
- Density: 0.802 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: 99 °C
- Water Solubility: Moderate
Butanol Type: Tert-Butanol
- Chemical Formula: C₄H₉OH
- Density: 0.775 g/cm³
- Boiling Point: 82°C
- Water Solubility: Good
Since the 1960s, butanols have been used in industrial resin and plastic production, significantly improving solubility and reducing viscosity of coatings and raw materials.
A 2023 study demonstrated that butanols as green solvents in biodiesel ester synthesis can enhance reaction efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Source
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